The program performs pointer arithmetic on a valid pointer, but
					it uses an offset that can point outside of the intended range of valid memory
					locations for the resulting pointer. While a pointer can contain a reference to any arbitrary memory location,
						a program typically only intends to use the pointer to access limited
						portions of memory, such as contiguous memory used to access an individual
						array. Programs may use offsets in order to access fields or sub-elements stored
						within structured data. The offset might be out-of-range if it comes from an
						untrusted source, is the result of an incorrect calculation, or occurs
						because of another error. If an attacker can control or influence the offset so that it points
						outside of the intended boundaries of the structure, then the attacker may
						be able to read or write to memory locations that are used elsewhere in the
						program. As a result, the attack might change the state of the software as
						accessed through program variables, cause a crash or instable behavior, and
						possibly lead to code execution.